Maryland security deposit law

How long does a landlord have to return a security deposit in Maryland?

What happens if a Maryland landlord misses the deadline?

Penalties that depend on bad faith or willfulness are possible, not automatic. Only a judge can make that finding.

What can a Maryland landlord deduct from your deposit?

What can be deducted: Unpaid rent, damage due to breach of lease, and damage by the tenant or guests beyond ordinary wear and tear; the deposit is not liquidated damages and covers only actual damage. (Md. Code, Real Prop. § 8-203(f))

Normal wear and tear: Only damage in excess of ordinary wear and tear may be withheld. (Md. Code, Real Prop. § 8-203(f)(1)(i))

What the itemized list must include: A written list of damages claimed, sent first class within 45 days, with an itemized statement of the cost incurred and supporting documentation identifying the materials or services. (Md. Code, Real Prop. § 8-203(g), (j)(1))

Also: If the tenant asked in writing to attend the move-out inspection, the landlord must inspect within five days before or after the move date; a landlord who does not comply forfeits the right to withhold for damages. (Md. Code, Real Prop. § 8-203(f)(1))

More on common charges: normal wear and tear, cleaning, painting, and a missing itemized list.

Is there a limit on security deposits in Maryland?

Since October 1, 2024, a landlord may not impose a deposit of more than one month's rent. (Md. Code, Real Prop. § 8-203(b)(1))

Up to two months' rent is allowed only if the tenant qualified for state utility assistance, pays utilities to the landlord under the lease, and agreed in writing.

Deadlines and steps on your side

Maryland also sets rules for tenants. Missing one of these can cost you part of your claim, so check them early.

Move-in condition report: The deposit receipt must tell the tenant of the right to have the unit inspected and existing damage listed, if the tenant asks by certified mail within 15 days of moving in. A landlord who gives no written receipt owes the tenant $25. (Md. Code, Real Prop. § 8-203.1)

Taking a deposit case to small claims court in Maryland

Small-claims limit: Maryland small claims covers claims of $5,000 or less, not counting interest, attorney's fees and costs. (Maryland District Court guidance)

Most deposit disputes never get that far. A clear demand letter, sent by certified mail, often settles them first.

Good to know

• To attend the move-out inspection, you must have notified the landlord by certified mail of the move, the date and your new address (Md. Code, Real Prop. § 8-203(f)).
• Some Maryland counties (for example Montgomery County) add local tenant protections.

What to do if your Maryland landlord kept your deposit

1. Pin down your dates. When you moved out, returned the keys, and gave a forwarding address in writing. Compare them with the deadline above.
2. Gather your evidence. Move-in and move-out photos, the lease, the landlord's list of deductions, receipts and messages. The case checklist covers what matters.
3. Send a demand letter by certified mail. Ask for the money, cite Maryland's rules, and give a deadline to pay. What a demand letter does.
4. If they still don't pay, consider small claims court. You don't need a lawyer there.

Sources

These rules come from the same verified table the Demand Letter Companion uses, checked against the sources below on October 25, 2026. Laws change; check the current official text before relying on a date.

• Md. Code, Real Prop. § 8-203: mgaleg.maryland.gov
• Maryland District Court guidance: mdcourts.gov
• Md. Code, Real Prop. § 8-203.1: mgaleg.maryland.gov

Other states: see the guides for all 50 states and DC

This page is general legal information, not legal advice. Local ordinances can add rules, and your lease and facts matter. For advice about your situation, consult a licensed attorney in Maryland.